Communes
Communes were large collective farms that often supported over 25,000 people. The program was ended after inefficiency lead to crop failures and famines.
The Cultural Revolution
The Cultural Revolution was the movement to build society of peasants and workers. A group of violent and radical youths called Red Guards, closed schools and executed or imprisoned many intellectuals. In 1968, the Chinese army imprisoned, executed, or exiled most of the Red Guards who had been labeled by the government "Counter Revolutionary." The Cultural Revolution ended in 1976- the year of Mao's death.